How to Choose the Best E-Bike for You
As the popularity of electric bikes (e-bikes) continues to soar, more and more people are considering making the switch from traditional bikes or cars to these innovative and eco-friendly transportation options. However, with the wide variety of e-bike models, motors, and features available, it can be overwhelming to determine which e-bike is the best fit for your unique needs and lifestyle. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll walk you through the key factors to consider when choosing the best e-bike for all your adventures.
Download a one-page summary of this guide to reference while shopping for an e-bike:
Why Make the Switch? The Benefits of E-Bikes
E-bikes offer several advantages over traditional bicycles or cars, including:
- Fast, effortless travel. The electric motor provides a boost of power, allowing you to reach your destination quickly (and get over the occasional hill) without the extra effort.
- Ability to carry more. E-bikes can accommodate heavier loads than traditional bicycles, making them great for running errands, transporting groceries, or even carrying children.
- No special attire required. You can simply hop on your e-bike in your regular street clothes, without the need to change into cycling or workout gear.
- Improved accessibility. E-bikes open up cycling to a wider range of riders, including those with mobility challenges or stamina limitations.
- Reduced environmental impact. Opting for an e-bike over a car means lower carbon emissions and reduced traffic congestion.
The Basics of E-Bike Operations
Before looking at specific models, it’s helpful to understand the basics of how e-bikes work. Three components make an e-bike an e-bike: a motor, a battery, and an electrical delivery system (also known as “the brain”).
Let’s dive into each component in more detail.
Motors
E-bikes come equipped with one of two motor types: hub motors or mid-drive motors. Hub motors are housed in the rear wheel, providing an easy power boost that feels like a gentle tailwind at your back. Mid-drive motors, on the other hand, are integrated into the bike’s drivetrain between the pedals. This design offers a more natural, seamless pedal-assist experience, as the motor’s power is applied directly to the pedals.
In addition to the motor type, e-bikes also differ in their power delivery mechanisms. All models utilize a “pedal-assist” function, where the motor provides an extra boost when you’re actively pedaling. In addition, some models incorporate a throttle, allowing you to accelerate purely on electric power without any pedal input. Depending on your riding style and preferences, one approach may feel more intuitive than the other.
Batteries
Just like a car, an e-bike’s range is determined by its onboard battery. These rechargeable battery packs come in a variety of capacities, measured in watt-hours (Wh) or amp-hours (Ah). Higher-wattage batteries will deliver more mileage between charges, though they also tend to add extra weight to the bike.
E-bike batteries are typically housed on the bike’s frame, either integrated into the downtube or mounted behind the seat. Many are also removable, allowing you to charge the battery separately from the bike itself. When it comes time to power up, a full recharge can take anywhere from 1 to 5 hours, depending on the battery size and your home charging setup. Remember: don’t leave your bike charging indefinitely, and always use the factory-approved charging unit plugged directly into the wall outlet (no extension cords).
The Brain
The final piece of the e-bike puzzle is the electronic control system, often referred to as the “brain.” This small display, typically mounted on the handlebars, serves as your command center. Here, you can monitor your speed and battery life, select your desired pedal-assist level, and activate the throttle (if your e-bike is equipped with one).
E-Bike Classes and Categories
Beyond the fundamental motor, battery, and control systems, e-bikes come in a variety of specialized configurations to suit different needs and preferences. Understanding e-bike classes and types can help you find the model that aligns seamlessly with your lifestyle.
Three E-Bike Classifications
All e-bikes sold in the United States are categorized into three classes, depending on their speed limits and type of pedal assistance.
- Class 1 e-bikes are designed to offer assistance in pedaling, with a top speed of 20mph. You have to pedal first to start the motor. These are generally the best e-bikes for beginners, as they’re like regular bikes with a bit of kick.
- Class 2 e-bikes are pedal-assist with a separate throttle which allows you to start and operate the e-bike without having to pedal. It has a top speed of 20mph.
- Class 3 e-bikes are the fastest legal e-bikes, with a top speed of 28mph. Because of this, they’re required to have a speedometer. These are great for covering longer distances but aren’t allowed on bike-only off-road tracks due to their high speed. In California, Class 3 e-bikes are not allowed to have a throttle.
Common Types of E-Bikes
Beyond these classifications, e-bikes come in many different forms tailored to different use cases and rider needs. Here are three common types:
Standard E-Bike
Standard e-bikes, also called city or commuter e-bikes, are lightweight and easy to maneuver for an enjoyable daily commute, running errands, and getting around town. Unless larger cargo-carrying capacity is important, standard e-bikes are often a great choice. They typically have upright and comfortable ergonomics and are a practical alternative to cars.
Cargo E-Bike
Cargo e-bikes are designed to carry heavier loads and to carry passengers. They feature space in either the front or back for hauling cargo and people, powerful pedal assists, and may have three wheels for extra load-bearing stability. They can be a bit larger, heavier, and less agile.
Adaptive E-Bike
Adaptive e-bikes are great for people with injuries or mobility issues. They come in a variety of options including tandem, recumbent, and tricycle. There are also innovative options to support wheelchair users. Adaptive e-bikes are wider and take up more room on the road and in storage.
Choosing the right class and type for your usage is the first step toward discovering your perfect e-bike.
Purchasing an E-Bike: Things to Consider
When choosing an e-bike, you should consider how you’ll use it. Envisioning how your e-bike will integrate into your lifestyle will help determine the appropriate bike type, motor power, and other necessary features. Here are a few questions to get you started:
- Are you replacing a daily car commute?
- Will you use it along with public transport?
- How many miles do you plan to travel on it per day/per week?
- What are your carrying capacity needs? (Lunch and a laptop? Kids and groceries? Tools? Packages?)
- How do you want the maintenance to be handled?
- Do you have any mobility limitations to consider? Would you be more comfortable with adaptive features like an extra low step-through or a third wheel?
Once you’ve considered how you want to use your e-bike, you can consider these features and determine which are the most important to you.
- Power: How much power do you want based on your intended use and physical abilities? Will this bike be shared with other family members, and what power needs do they have? (For instance, a 14-year-old probably shouldn’t have a 750W motor.)
- Comfort and Fit: Your e-bike should provide a comfortable, ergonomic fit for your body type and riding style. Consider how the frame size, seat, and handlebars are positioned, and test-ride a few models if possible.
- Weight and Portability: E-bikes can be significantly heavier than traditional bicycles, which is important to consider if you’ll need to frequently lift or transport your bike. Opt for a model that you can comfortably handle.
- Battery Capacity and Range: The size and quality of the battery will determine your e-bike’s range and how often you’ll need to recharge. Consider your average daily mileage and choose a battery that can comfortably accommodate your needs.
- Accessories and Customization: Think about any additional features or accessories you may want, such as cargo racks, fenders, lights, or a phone mount, and select an e-bike that can accommodate your needs.
- Maintenance: Determine the level of service that you desire. It’s a good idea to have a local shop you trust for maintenance, parts, and those unexpected situations.
Alameda and San Joaquin Counties are home to a growing number of specialized e-bike shops, as well as major retailers that carry a variety of e-bike models. When visiting these shops, be sure to talk to their expert staff, who can provide personalized recommendations and guidance to help you find your perfect e-bike.
Safety First!
Lights
There are two types of lights: those to see and those to be seen. Make sure you know which one you’re getting. If you are riding at night, you should still seek out routes with other light sources.
Helmets
All helmets sold must pass the same safety standards (CPSC), so one helmet is not necessarily safer than another. However, Mips is a great innovation that protects riders from rotational impact for an additional price. If budget is a concern, focus on weight and ventilation as the main differentiators.
Locks
Not all locks are created equal. While any lock is better than no lock, something with a chain or metal bar is most effective against theft. Make sure you can also handle the weight of the lock in addition to the bike.
Let’s Ride
Investing in an e-bike can be a game-changer, offering a convenient, eco-friendly, and enjoyable way to get around. But remember, the best e-bike is the one that fits your lifestyle, budget, and comfort level. By carefully considering your intended use, bike classifications, and other key features, you can find the ideal e-bike that will seamlessly integrate into your daily routine.
